figure4
Figure 4: Dural AV fistula in the area of the lower thoracic spine: (a) DSA shows
the feeding artery ( tex2html_wrap_inline113 ) and a perimedullary fistula ( tex2html_wrap_inline115 ) -- (b) Direct
volume rending of MR-CISS shows optimal correspondence ( tex2html_wrap_inline117 ) with the
DSA -- (c, d) The Integration of the  surrounding anatomy conveys the relation to
the spinal cord (green) and the bone structures of the vertebral column.
 

figure14
Figure 5: Dural AV fistula in the area of the medulla oblongata: (a,b) DSA
showing the vascular malformation -- (c-f) Direct volume rendering leads to an
excellent delineation showing the semi-transparent CSF and the opaque target
vessels (c), the opaque vessels and the opaque spinal cord (d) and the relation to the
surrounding anatomy (e, f).
 

 figure25
Figure 6: Dural AV fistula in the area of the lumbar spine: (a) DSA shows a fistula
( tex2html_wrap_inline113 ) coming from the right internal iliac artery. -- (b) Volume rendering of the
fistula and the roots of spinal nerves. (c, d) Lateral and frontal view of the
malformation in relation to the surounding anatomy.
 

 figure34
Figure 7: Dural AV fistula in the area of the thoracic spine: Comparison of the
complex vessel structure in a DSA projection image (a) and a corresponding 3D
visualization of a  MR-CISS volume (b) including a lateral (c) and a dorsal
view (d).


C. Rezk-Salama, P. Hastreiter, K. Eberhardt, B. Tomandl, T. Ertl, "Interactive Direct Volume
Rendering of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae", accepted for presentation at 2nd Conference on Medical
Image Computing and Compter-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), Cambridge, UK, 1999


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